This issue frames-out the thematic policy actions and the progressive outlook of Bangladesh’s first government on independent soil: Sheikh Mujibur Rahman’s administration. Little is known about the post-independence period, especially around Mujib government’s efforts in nation-building, post-war reconstruction and governance. This issue delves into the various and little-discussed challenges that Mujib faced in building Bangladesh back up from scratch. The issue also outlines lesson which remain relevant today.